The Stem Cell Dilemma Essay Example For Students

The Stem Cell Dilemma Essay The Stem Cell Dilemma Essay Every day, nearly 3,000 people die while waiting for an organ transplant (DAgnese). Moreover, 66,000 people are still on an organ donor list in the United States, few of which will ever see their name come up on that list (Improving). Many people believe nothing can be done about this sad fact. However, this is not the case. Studies on stem-cell research point toward a solution to this deadly problem. With efficient use of stem cells, many diseases and medical problems could be solved. Stem-cells are very young, specialized cells. Usually coming from a human embryo, they have the ability to develop into more specialized groups of cells or tissues (Stem Cells: A Primer). As of 2001, scientists could develop stem-cells into more than 110 different types of tissues, such as blood, brain or heart tissue (Robinson). If these cells could be so useful in the medical field, why are they not being used now? First of all, the research on stem-cells is still ongoing, though if given funding this research may have already been accomplished. According to Gary Stix, a writer for Scientific American, on November 5th, 2001, a company called Advanced Cell Technology (ACT) was the first to actually clone embryonic cells. We will write a custom essay on The Stem Cell Dilemma specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This is not cloning in the most common sense, though. Stem-cells have previously been obtained from tissues of early stage embryos. With this experiment, scientists tried to use a new technique in making stem-cells so that real embryos need not be used. The scientists injected cells into eggs which had their nuclei removed, rather than making an actual copy of the cell. These cells developed, though the furthest development was from the one cell to eight cells, which is not enough to provide stem-cells (Lauritzen). This may not seem like much, but it is seen as a small step on the path to greater and more efficient use of these cells. So, one factor in the question of why do we not use stem-cells is that certain people do not approve of the use of embryonic tissue in research. There are many reasons, however, in which it could be seen as feasible to use embryonic stem-cells in the sake of medicine. For example people with heart disease or kidney failure could be cured with a relatively cheap operation. Today organ transplants are quite expensive and sometimes a matching donor can not even be found if a patient had the money to pay for it. However if stem-cells could be used, organs would be easily accessible, and many of those who would not have been able to get a transplant would have new hope. Not only would stem-cells help with organ transplants, but they have also been shown to treat other diseases such as multiple sclerosis (Lee). Despite these facts, some may still think it is morally wrong to use stem-cells. There are many reasons that help prove the fact that the use of stem-cells does not equal the destruction of a life. Supporters of stem-cell research believe that embryos composed of only a few cells that are being stored in a lab are not alive, because they are frozen. They may have once had the potential to live, and though this potential was lost, it was not lost because of stem-cell research. Many of the cells that are being used come from ended pregnancies when a life would not develop anyway. If an embryo were to go unused, why not use it instead to save another life? There are actually over 110,000 embryos being stored in the United States alone, with no life in sight for them (Robinson). .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22 , .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22 .postImageUrl , .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22 , .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22:hover , .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22:visited , .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22:active { border:0!important; } .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22:active , .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22 .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u29db7b0e3cbd0580e9b95ca0afa5bd22:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Jataka Essay These embryos are not alive, and should be used instead of discarded. To make this debate even easier, stem cells may in the near future come from, for example, the ACT developed embryos. With the ACTs embryos, the scientists started with human eggs, though they were not fertilized with sperm; these eggs were then coaxed into fertilization. The eggs were kept in a culture and seemed to develop like normal embryos, though they could probably never be able to develop fully into a child (Lauritzen). Writer Paul Lauritzen asks about the pro-life statements that say . The Stem Cell Dilemma Essay Example For Students The Stem Cell Dilemma Essay The Stem Cell Dilemma Essay Every day, nearly 3,000 people die while waiting for an organ transplant (DAgnese). Moreover, 66,000 people are still on an organ donor list in the United States, few of which will ever see their name come up on that list (Improving). Many people believe nothing can be done about this sad fact. However, this is not the case. Studies on stem-cell research point toward a solution to this deadly problem. With efficient use of stem cells, many diseases and medical problems could be solved. Stem-cells are very young, specialized cells. Usually coming from a human embryo, they have the ability to develop into more specialized groups of cells or tissues (Stem Cells: A Primer). As of 2001, scientists could develop stem-cells into more than 110 different types of tissues, such as blood, brain or heart tissue (Robinson). If these cells could be so useful in the medical field, why are they not being used now? First of all, the research on stem-cells is still ongoing, though if given funding this research may have already been accomplished. According to Gary Stix, a writer for Scientific American, on November 5th, 2001, a company called Advanced Cell Technology (ACT) was the first to actually clone embryonic cells. We will write a custom essay on The Stem Cell Dilemma specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This is not cloning in the most common sense, though. Stem-cells have previously been obtained from tissues of early stage embryos. With this experiment, scientists tried to use a new technique in making stem-cells so that real embryos need not be used. The scientists injected cells into eggs which had their nuclei removed, rather than making an actual copy of the cell. These cells developed, though the furthest development was from the one cell to eight cells, which is not enough to provide stem-cells (Lauritzen). This may not seem like much, but it is seen as a small step on the path to greater and more efficient use of these cells. So, one factor in the question of why do we not use stem-cells is that certain people do not approve of the use of embryonic tissue in research. There are many reasons, however, in which it could be seen as feasible to use embryonic stem-cells in the sake of medicine. For example people with heart disease or kidney failure could be cured with a relatively cheap operation. Today organ transplants are quite expensive and sometimes a matching donor can not even be found if a patient had the money to pay for it. However if stem-cells could be used, organs would be easily accessible, and many of those who would not have been able to get a transplant would have new hope. Not only would stem-cells help with organ transplants, but they have also been shown to treat other diseases such as multiple sclerosis (Lee). Despite these facts, some may still think it is morally wrong to use stem-cells. There are many reasons that help prove the fact that the use of stem-cells does not equal the destruction of a life. Supporters of stem-cell research believe that embryos composed of only a few cells that are being stored in a lab are not alive, because they are frozen. They may have once had the potential to live, and though this potential was lost, it was not lost because of stem-cell research. Many of the cells that are being used come from ended pregnancies when a life would not develop anyway. If an embryo were to go unused, why not use it instead to save another life? There are actually over 110,000 embryos being stored in the United States alone, with no life in sight for them (Robinson). .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc , .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc .postImageUrl , .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc , .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc:hover , .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc:visited , .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc:active { border:0!important; } .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc:active , .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u14980d556a1064ea16913283a66875fc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Movies and television Essay These embryos are not alive, and should be used instead of discarded. To make this debate even easier, stem cells may in the near future come from, for example, the ACT developed embryos. With the ACTs embryos, the scientists started with human eggs, though they were not fertilized with sperm; these eggs were then coaxed into fertilization. The eggs were kept in a culture and seemed to develop like normal embryos, though they could probably never be able to develop fully into a child (Lauritzen). Writer Paul Lauritzen asks about the pro-life statements that say .

Amber Mileski Essays (299 words) - Culture, Fiction, Linguistics

Amber Mileski Essays (299 words) - Culture, Fiction, Linguistics Amber Mileski English111 22 January 2017 Journal 1 Amy Tan Mother Tongue I chose the article Mother Tongue because the article had more pages in it and I thought it would contain more information. The main idea in this article is Amy and the way she talks to others and how she talks to her mother. She has given many long lectures in large groups of people, but she was made aware that when her mother is present she speaks in a different way. Amy sits back and realizes that she does speak in a different way when her mother is present but also when her husband is present. She speaks in a different language when her family is present. The theme of this passage would be the multiple languages that Amy uses. Amy speaks different Englishes , she thinks her mother's English had an effect on limiting her possibilities in life. She speaks in many languages, the languages differ when she is talking to her family, talking to students when giving a lecture and when she was talking to children. This is all significant because it gives Amy some advantages of talking with others in different Englishes that her mother and children can't. As for an experience of my own, I can say that when I am talking to my grandma or my children I speak it a different tone than when I am at work speaking to my co-workers. I will be out in public and I hear everyone else and their conversations and it all just seems like a different language to me. I know their speaking English but when I hear it I know I am interpreting it in a whole different way than the individual they are talking to.

ACT Admission Ticket What It Is, How to Print, and What to Do If You Lose It

ACT Admission Ticket What It Is, How to Print, and What to Do If You Lose It SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you’re planning on taking the ACT, you may know that you’ll need an admission ticket (and photo ID) to get into the testing center. Because ACT, Inc. makes such a big deal about these tickets, figuring out how to get it just right can be one of the most stressful parts of registering for the test. But don’t worry- the process isn’t as complicated as it seems. This guide will walk you through exactly what the ACT admission ticket is, how to get one, and what to do if you lose yours(it’s not as bad you think!). What Is the ACT Admission Ticket? The admission ticket serves as proof that you are registered to take the ACT on a given day. The proctors won’t let you into the testing center without it.Your ACT ticketalso has helpful information about your testing center (for you) and any accommodations you might need (for your proctor). I've included a sample ticket below so you can see what it looks like. I've numbered the different sections of the ACT admissionticket, so that we can go through them one at a time. Photo: Your picture! More info on how to pick and upload one below. Test Info: This section indicates when and where you're testing and which version of the test you're taking. Matching Information: The information that ACT, Inc. will use to match you to your test. Be sure to enter it on your answer sheet exactly as it appears on the ticket. PersonalInfo: Your name and address. Test Center Messages: Information about what to do when you get to the testing center: where to park, how to find your room, etc. At the bottom of the page there is additional information, including your testing number and any accommodations you need. Why Do You Need an Admission Ticket? The ACT admission ticket shows that you are the person actually signed up to take the test- hence why it has a picture. The ticket is a relatively new requirement and is designed to make it harder for people to cheat by having someone else take the test in their place. Remember that you must bring it with you to the testing center or you won’t be allowed to take the ACT. How Do You Get an ACT Admission Ticket? The first step to getting an ACT admission ticket is registering for the test. If you haven’t already done so, youmight want to take a look at our step-by-step instructions, with images, forthe registration process. I would recommend registering online, but most of the following info applies even if you registered by mail, although, in that case, you should receive an admission ticket in the mail. During the registration process there are two main steps you need to complete to get your ACT admission ticket- I'll got through how to complete both of them. How to Upload a Photo Towards the end of the registration process, you’ll be asked to upload a photo. There are a lot of restrictions on what kind of photo you can use, and they can feel somewhat overwhelming. Here are ACT, Inc.’s guidelines: Your photo must be a clear image of ONLY you (not blurry, grainy or fuzzy) against a plain, background. The photo must be a full face-and-shoulders shot, squarely facing the camera. You must use a portrait, not landscape, photo that is correctly oriented. You must be facing the camera. You cannot wear dark glasses. If you wear a head covering daily for religious reasons, adjust it to provide a full-face view. I know that’s a lot, but don’t panic. Let’s break it down into a few key points: The photo should show your entire head and your shoulders- that’s all. You must be easily recognizable- the photo can’t be blurry or dark and you shouldn’t have anything obscuring your face. The photo should have a plain background. If you have a digital version of your school photo, just use that! Another good option is using a webcam to just snap a photo with your computer- as long as you do this in a well lit place, the photo quality will be fine. Otherwise, get a friend or family member to help you take a headshot with a phone or digital camera. Remember that the photo doesn’t need to be awesome, just recognizable- no one but your proctor and your school will see it. If you registered by mail, you will still need to either upload a photo or submit a hard copy. How to Print Your ACT Admission Ticket After completing the registration process and uploading a photo, you'll be asked if you want to print youradmission ticket or wait until later. Either is fine- you can access the ticketanytime through your ACT account. Only have a black and white printer? Don't worry about it. Your ACT ticket printout can be in either color or black and white, as long as the information is clearly visible. But What Should You Do If... ...You Lose Your Ticket? Don’t panic! This problem is easily solved: you can easily reprint your ACT admission ticket.Just go to the ACT website, sign in to your account, and print your ticket! You can use this methodeven if you registered by mail, but if for some reason you can’t print your ticket call ACT, Inc. at 319-337-1270.Keep in mind that calling at the very last minute won't do youmuchgood- if they need to send you a new ticket by mail it will probably take at least a week. ...You Realize that the Information on the Ticket Is Incorrect? Again, this problem is easily fixed. If you realize that your name is misspelled or your address is missing a number, just log into your account and click on "Make changes to your registration." Remember to reprint the ticket once you’ve made your changes, so it’s up-to-date. ...You Get to the Test Center and Don't Have Your Admission Ticket? You cannot take the test without your ticket, so you want to avoid this situation at all costs. The night before the test, gather everything you need for the test together and put it in one easily accessible place. If you’re prone to losing things (or just very paranoid), you can try: making a backup copy and putting it in the car. taping the ticket and your ID to your calculator. If you do end up at the test center with no ticket, you can try having a friend or family member who lives nearby print it out and bring it to you. But the proctors won’t wait, so again, do everything you can to make sure you have it. Key Facts to Remember About the ACT Admission Ticket Let's review some of important points you'll need to keep in mind about the ACT ticket: You must have your admission ticket to get into the test center. Print it out at least the night before, and make multiple copies if you often lose things. Your picture must be recognizable as you and it must have a plain background. You can reprint your ACT admission ticket at any time. Just log into your online ACT account. More Recommended Reading If you're feeling confusedabout the registration process, take a look atourstep-by-step walkthrough of how to sign up for the testand our guides to the best test date for you, the total cost of the ACT, how to cancel your registration, and how to decide whether to sendthe four free score reports. If, however, you're taking the test very soon, check outthese helpfultest day tips that can raise your ACT score even without time to practice. Finally, if you have a bit more time,you might want to read throughsome of our ACTprep materials. We have great guides for all foursections, including general strategies, study tips, and in depth skill reviews(there are links to each section on the right). Try starting with our guide to the 5 tips that you must use, which will get you thinking about the test in the right way. Disappointed with your ACT scores? Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically. Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Alex Heimbach About the Author Alex is an experienced tutor and writer. Over the past five years, she has worked with almost a hundred students and written about pop culture for a wide range of publications. She graduated with honors from University of Chicago, receiving a BA in English and Anthropology, and then went on to earn an MA at NYU in Cultural Reporting and Criticism. In high school, she was a National Merit Scholar, took 12 AP tests and scored 99 percentile scores on the SAT and ACT. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. 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Production Possibility Frontier Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Production Possibility Frontier - Essay Example As indicated on the chart above, points A, B, and C represent the points at which production of Good A and Good B is most efficient. Point X demonstrates the point at which resources are not being used efficiently in the production of both goods, and point Y demonstrates an output that is not attainable with the given inputs (Investopedia, 2000) Production Possibility Frontier assumes that all possibilities are fixed, however over time it may shift in or out depending on the economic situation. Economic growth pertaining to discovery of new resources, improvement of technology, and capital accumulation results to outward shift. On the other hand, inward shift may occur when there is a decrease in supplies and production possibility or deficient technology and resources. Inward shift indicates that the economy is shrinking. In that sense, any burden in the economy such as unemployment, destruction of capital goods, and disturbance in people's lives may lead to such shift. For example, the 1973 oil crisis shocked the Japanese economy which was heavily depended on oil, thereby shifting Japan's PPF inward (Post war). Post war has caused great deal of damage, human and physical capital wise, of which had decreased the production possibility. A PPF is normally drawn as concave to the origin because the extra output resulting from allocating more resources to one particular good

Implementation of an Industrial Hygiene Program Research Paper

Implementation of an Industrial Hygiene Program - Research Paper Example This essay will provide a hygiene program for pharmaceuticals with a focus on handling of hazardous chemicals and other raw materials for the manufacture or research and development of drugs. R&D and work areas for pharmaceuticals are one of the most dangerous places for operators and workers, if these are not adequately designed and control systems are not properly in place. Providing a hygiene system for pharmaceutical laboratories is therefore a challenging task. Pharmaceuticals produce small groups of high-potency active ingredients. These compounds pose risks to persons who are involved in the manufacturing. The chemicals are potentially toxic, can cause cancer, â€Å"teratogenic, mutagenic,† and are really dangerous even in small amounts (Fay & Phillips, 2002). In controlling chemicals, there must be a protective barrier between the chemical and the person handling the chemical. There are acceptable working conditions in the handling of chemicals, for example pharmaceutical ingredients, agricultural chemicals particularly herbicides and pesticides, dyes and pigments, and other chemicals such as radioisotopes and intermediates. In the development of procedures and equipment to protect persons handling the chemicals, there are two steps that should be followed. First, there must be a method of control. Second, how to attain the methods and how to attain them must be formulated. Analytical chemistry is used in determining smaller quantities and this can be attained through new computer applications or software. The company should provide an effective design and layout of the work area that is conducive to a clean and effective work environment. Designated areas for hazardous chemicals have to be clearly separate from other rooms designated for offices. Proper handling of materials should be the order of the day. Training of personnel who will handle sensitive materials and chemicals should be a part of the procedures. Training should be conducted by

Standard Chatered Bank (Scb) Essay Example for Free

Standard Chatered Bank (Scb) Essay Standard Chartered Bank is a British bank headquartered in London with operations in more than seventy countries. It operates a network of over 1,700 branches and outlets (including subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures) and employs 73,000 people. Despite its British base, it has few customers in the United Kingdom and 90% of its profits come from Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. Because the banks history is entwined with the development of the British Empire its operations lie predominantly in former British colonies, though over the past two decades it has expanded into countries that have historically had little British influence. It aims to provide a safe regulatory bridge between these developing economies. It now focuses on consumer, corporate, and institutional banking, and on the provision of treasury services—areas in which the Group had particular strength and expertise. The new millennium had brought with it two of the largest acquisitions in the history of the bank with purchase of Grind lays Bank from the ANZ Group and the acquisition of the Chase Consumer Banking operations in Hong Kong in 2000. These acquisitions demonstrate Standard Chartered firm is committed to the emerging markets, where the Bank has a strong and established presence and where they see their future growth. Standard Chartered Bank Operation In Bangladesh Standard Chartered Bank started its business in Bangladesh in 1948, opening its first branch in the port city of Chittagong. The bank increasingly invested in people, technology and premises as its business grew in relation to the countrys thriving economy. At present the bank has 6 offices in Dhaka Chittagong and Sylhet, including the countrys only offshore banking unit inside the Dhaka Export Processing Zone at Savar. Extensive knowledge of the market and essential expertise in a wide range of financial services underline our strength to build business opportunities for corporate and institutional clients at home and abroad. Continuous upgrading of technology and control systems has enabled the bank of offer new services, which include unique ATMs and Phone banking. Adopting a pro-active approach, the bank is able to offer a flexible and comprehensive range of financial services in particular transactional banking products. The bank has also invested in its branches to ensure that their business is supported by high-tech operations using state-of-the-art technology. Dedicated customer services with solution-oriented cash specialists to provide customers with cost-effective solutions. Electronic delivery system has been put in place to give customers maximum control of their transactions. Standard Chartereds services in Bangladesh, ranges from Personal Corporate Banking to Institutional Banking, Treasury and Custodial services. Vision of Standard Chartered Bank: â€Å"Catalyst for change† Standard Chartered Bank has a key role to play in stimulating economic and social development through the services they provide and by being a force for good. The success of their business depends on this. Standard Chartered Bank has been committed to continually improving the quality and scope of the services they offer to clients. Mission of Standard Chartered Bank: The missions are: * To deliver excellent products and services in the emerging markets to Standard Chartereds clients. These products include trade finance services, cash management, foreign exchange and treasury products, commodity finance, and structured import and export finance services. * To be the trendsetter for innovative banking with excellence and perfection. * To be the best performing bank in the country and the region. * To exceed customer expectations through innovative financial products services and establish a strong presence to recognize shareholders expectations and  optimize their rewards through dedicated workforce. * Keeping ahead of other competitors in productivity and profitability. To attain budgetary targets fixed in each area of business Objective of Standard Chartered Bank: Standard Chartered Bank one of the world’s leading international banks and their goal is to lead the way in Asia, Africa and the Middle East. They are dedicated to implementing the highest standards of corporate governance and gaining trust in each of the countries in which they conduct business. Like other business organization the core desire of Standard Chartered Bank is to maximize the profit through banking activities saving lending money to the life of the common people. The Objectives of the Standard Chartered Bank is given below: Broad Goal: As a commercial organization, Standard Chartered Bank implies that it stands for meeting the banking needs of the people of the society. Operating Goal: In compliance with the very nature of the organization, the objective in mind the bank aims at excelling quality and diversified services. To fulfill its mission Standard Chartered Bank has its main objectives as followings: * To provide banking services to people. * To earn profit. * Act as a media of exchange. * To contribute to gross domestic product (GDP). * Maintain a satisfactory deposit mix. * To help to grow entrepreneurship. * Increase loan portfolio diversification and geographical coverage. * To mitigate unemployment problem. * Provide finance specialized services to the export. * To help to boost economic development. Service Attitudes: * Standard Chartered Bank is a service organization. It lives and prospers on the quality of service it provides. So quality of service is maintained at all levels. * Banks image with people is identified on the quality and diversity of services that the people aspire to receive. * As a dynamic bank they always remain in search of new field of activity in line with people economic need. Suggestions by customers and other people are taken in to proper attention so as to help identify new activity or improve upon present activities. * The bank maintains healthy competition with other banks aiming at excelling services in meeting economic needs of the people. Organogram Organizational Structure: Organizing is the management function that involves the process of determining what task are to be done, who is to do them, how the task are to be grouped who reports to whom and where decisions are to be made. Organizing is the process of creating an organization’s structure. Organizational structure is the formal framework by which job task are divided, grouped and coordinated. Hierarchy of Standard Chartered Bank Administrations Loan Administration Department Loan Sanction Department Human Resource Department Operations Investment Treasury Internal Division Head Office Departmentalization Corporate Banking Department CEO Audit Inspection IT Finance Accounts Foreign Trade Administrations Finance IT Branch Departmentalization Corporate Banking Department Loan Sanction Department Foreign Trade Loan Administration Department Branch Manager Operations The policy direction and overall management of the Bank is vested upon the Board of Directors consisting of six members. The Chief Executive of the Bank is one of the members of the Board of Directors. Regional Manager and Divisional Head assist Chief Executive Officer. Head Office Divisions are headed by Departmental heads and controlled by designated General Managers. Branch Offices by Branch Managers, depending on size and importance of the Branch from the commercial point of view, Deputy General Managers or Assistant General Managers heads the Corporate Branches and AD Branches. The organizational structure is the way in which organizations activities  are divided, organized and co-organized. The design of the organizations structure can be traditional design like simple, functional and divisional or existing organizational designs like team-based, matrix etc. From the structure of the Standard Chartered Bank we see that it is mostly functional because some part are organized around the functions of operation, credit, international division, human resource etc. and these divisions are related with each other for conducting the activities. It can also be considered as partly regional because some management functions are divided on the basis of territory. Each regional circle conducts same activities generally that are decided but in some situation head of the regional office takes decisions. So we can perceive that it has traditional structural design. Moreover, it has clear chain of command where the level of authority goes from top to bottom and very much centralized. Performance Appraisal Of Standard Chartered Bank Since organization exist to achieve goals, the degree of success that individual employees have in reaching their individuals goals is important in determining organizational effectiveness. The assessment of how successful employees have been at meeting their individual goals, therefore, becomes a critical part of HRM. Here we provided how Standard Chartered appraised their employee’s performance. Why Standard Chartered evaluates the performance of its Employees? Standard Chartered Appraises the performances of its employees for three reasons they are: * First, it can be used promote their employees and to arrange for their various training programs if they require for enhancing their skills in their respective areas and in contribution enhancement. * Second, as a basis for reward allocations. Decisions to decide who gets  salary increases, and other rewards are determined by their performance evaluation. * Finally the performance appraisal can be used as a criterion against which selection devices and development programs are validated. It is one thing to say, for example, that their selection process is successful in differentiating satisfactory performers from unsatisfactory performers. Appraisal Method used by Standard Chartered Bank Employees are evaluated by how well they accomplish a specific set of objectives that have been determined to be critical in the successful completion of their job. This approach is frequently referred to as. Management by objectives. Management by objectives is a process that converts organization objectives into individual objectives. It can be thought of as consisting of four steps: goal setting, action planning, self- control, and periodic reviews. In goal setting, the organizations overall objectives are used as guidelines from which departmental and individual objectives are set. In action planning, the means are determined for achieving the ends established in goal setting. That is, realistic plans are developed to attain the objectives.

Training and Development is said to be beneficial for both firms and em

Training and development is said to have a positive impact for both firms and employees, this essay will explain the terms â€Å"Training and Development† and look at the advantages and disadvantages for the Employer and employees. One of the biggest limitations of â€Å"Training and Development† is how the impact of training and development on productivity and profit is measured for organisations and individuals. This essay will therefore attempt to address the â€Å"Why then are some organisations and individuals reluctant to invest in training?† since training and development is said to be beneficial to both parties. Assuming the long term benefits of training and development can be measured by quality or profit, and then the advantages for both the employee and employer will prove satisfactory. A relevant point that will be made is that more research needs to be done on the benefits of investing in training and development for both parties and how it affects productivity positively. The HR literature sees training as the â€Å"vital component† in organisational processes of cultural change and an important behavioural device in terms of securing workforce commitment (Keep 1989). It also refers to it as the process of imparting specific skills at one point in time, it could be an on the job training or off the job training either academic or online courses. (Laird et al. 2002) goes further to define it as the acquisition of technology that permits employees to perform to standard. Not all training researchers distinguish between training and development; they can be interchangeable and tend to overlap themselves. For (Nadler, 1970) in his Developing Human Resources, he defined Development as being concerned with preparing the employee so they ca... ... their skills. For example in the United Kingdom 77% of UK jobs are in the service sector which focuses mainly on low paid and low skilled jobs In conclusion, this essay has highlighted the benefits of training and development to the employee and employer. However at its peak most of the benefits are suitable for firms that have quality has their benchmark not cost being one of the reasons why most firms do not train. The essay went further to attempt the question on why some organisations and individuals are reluctant to invest in training by pointing out that despite all the potential benefits of training and development it is not easy to gauge the benefits and contribution it makes to the individual and organisations as discussed above. Employers are largely involved in a market of low value added service and do not necessarily need a large skilled force.